Separators are pressure vessels designed for removing and collecting liquids from natural gas. The goal of a properly sized separator is to separate the well stream into liquid free gas and gas free liquid. Separators are manufactured in two basic styles; vertical and horizontal. Vertical separators are ideally suited to well streams characterized by surging liquids and low to intermediate gas-oil ratios. Horizontal separators are ideally suited to well streams having high gas-oil ratios, constant flow and small liquid surge characteristics. Separators are also manufactured in two basic phases, 2 phase which is gas-liquid separation and 3 phase which is gas liquid and liquid separation
The three configurations of separators are available for two phase operation and three-phase operation. In the two phase units, gas is separated from the liquid with the gas and liquid being discharged separately. Oil and gas separators are mechanically designed such that the liquid and gas components are separated from the hydrocarbon steam at specific temperature and pressure.
While different operations need different equipment, some pressurized equipment is going to be common to almost all pumping operations. These include the separator and the heater treater both of which are part of the process for separating oil from water and gas. Flow lines and the header used to control flow are also usually under some pressure.
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